Mobile Application Development

 Mobile application development is the process of creating software applications that run on a mobile device, and a typical mobile application utilizes a network connection to work with remote computing resources. Hence, the mobile development process involves creating installable software bundles (code, binaries, assets, etc.) , implementing backend services such as data access with an API, and testing the application on target devices.

 

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Mobile application development is the process of creating software applications that run on a mobile device, and a  typical mobile application utilizes a network connection to work with remote computing resources.  Hence, the mobile development process involves creating installable software bundles (code,  binaries, assets, etc.) , implementing backend services such as data access with an API, and testing the application on target devices.

 

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mobile app promotion

Mobile application development is the process of creating software applications that run on a mobile device, and a  typical mobile application utilizes a network connection to work with remote computing resources.  Hence, the mobile development process involves creating installable software bundles (code,  binaries, assets, etc.) , implementing backend services such as data access with an API, and testing the application on target devices.

 

Mobile Application Development

Mobile application development is the process of creating software applications that run on a mobile device, and a  typical mobile application utilizes a network connection to work with remote computing resources.  Hence, the mobile development process involves creating installable software bundles (code,  binaries, assets, etc.) , implementing backend services such as data access with an API, and testing the application on target devices.

Mobile Applications and Device Platforms

There are two dominant platforms in the modern smartphone market. One is the iOS platform from Apple Inc. The iOS platform is the operating system that powers Apple's popular line of iPhone smartphones. The second is Android from Google. The Android operating system is used not only by Google devices but also by many other OEMs to built their own smartphones and other smart devices.


Although there are some similarities between these two platforms when building applications, developing for iOS vs. developing for Android involves using different software development kits (SDKs) and different development toolchain. While Apple uses iOS exclusively for its own devices, Google makes Android available to other companies provided they meet specific requirements such as including certain Google applications on the devices they ship. Developers can build apps for hundreds of millions of devices by targeting both of these platforms.

Alternatives for Building Mobile Apps

 There are four major development approaches when building mobile applications


Native Mobile Applications

Cross-Platform Native Mobile Applications

Hybrid Mobile Applications

Progressive Web Applications

Each of these approaches for developing mobile applications has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. When choosing the right development approach for their projects, developers consider the desired user experience, the computing resources and native features required by the app, the development budget, time targets, and resources available to maintain the app.


Native Applications

Native mobile applications are written in the programming language and frameworks provided by the platform owner and running directly on the operating system of the device such as iOS and Android.


Cross-Platform Applications

Cross-platform native mobile applications can be written in variety of different programming languages and frameworks, but they are compiled into a native application running directly on the operating system of the device. 


Hybrid-Web Applications

Hybrid mobile applications are built with standard web technologies - such as JavaScript, CSS, and HTML5 - and they are bundled as app installation packages. Contrary to the native apps, hybrid apps work on a 'web container' which provides a browser runtime and a bridge for native device APIs via Apache Cordova. 

Progressive Web Applications

PWAs offer an alternative approach to traditional mobile app development by skipping app store delivery and app installations. PWAs are web applications that utilize a set of browser capabilities - such as working offline, running a background process, and adding a link to the device home screen -  to provide an 'app like' user experience.

Pros  

+ Best runtime performance + Single code base for multiple platforms + Shared code base between web and mobile apps + Same app is available both for web and mobile 

+ Direct access to device APIs + Easy to build and maintain your app + Using web development skillset for building mobile apps + No installation required, accessible through a URL

Cons  

- Higher costs when building and maintaining your app - Dependents on bridges and libraries for native device features - Lower performance compared to native apps - Limited support for native device features


- Multiple code-bases for each platform - Performance limitations due to bridging - Limited support for native device features - App capabilities depend on the browser in use

Comparing Native vs. Hybrid Applications

At the highest level, there are four main ways that native apps differ from hybrid apps as illustrated in the following table.


Native Hybrid

Platform Specific Cross Platform

Compiled Language Scripting / Compiled

Access to Device Hardware Plugins / Native Modules

Platform Frameworks Web Frameworks

Why Choose the Hybrid/Cross-platform Approach?


One problem with native mobile application development is that it requires a highly specialized skill set. Although there are large and vibrant developer communities for C and Java -- the language families that are mostly used for native development --, there are fewer developers who are knowledgeable in platform-specific versions of those languages and their respective IDEs. In fact, skilled native app developers are in such demand, that many companies are hard-pressed to hire and retain them on staff, and instead they frequently have to resort to outside 3rd party design and development houses to build their apps for them.


How Hybrid and Cross-platform Frameworks Work?


Hybrid apps allow developers to use web technologies of HTML5/CSS/JavaScript and then encapsulate those web applications in a container that allows the web application to act like a native application on the device. Since hybrid mobile apps are just web apps running on an embedded browser environment, most of the code from a web app can be used to build a mobile app. As rendering and runtime performance of mobile browsers are ever-increasing, hybrid development is a viable alternative for web developers who want to build mobile apps quickly.


Similarly, PWAs are written using traditional web application programming technologies usually including some variant of JavaScript, HTML5, and CSS, and are accessed initially through a browser on the device or computer. 


Most cross-platform frameworks such as - React Native and Native Script - provides native components to work with the cross-platform code, while some others such as Flutter and Xamarin compiles cross-platform code to the native code for better performance.


The Mobile Application Development Lifecycle

There are two interlinked core components of a mobile application: 1) the mobile application “Front-End” that resides on the mobile device, and 2) the services “Back-End” that supports the mobile front-end.


Mobile-App-Dev-Lifecycle


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